The asteroid that defied astronomers' expectations has three lobes instead of two, raising the question of whether it formed in a single cataclysm or assembled piecemeal over eons.
New visibility maps put as much as 90% of humanity inside Apophis's cumulative naked-eye viewing region, but geography is only the first condition.
MARSIS found an intensely bright boundary beneath Mars's south polar ice. SHARAD has now reached the same layer and returned a much fainter signal.
A modern model built around Viking 2's frost photographs and weather record finds a narrow 30-sol season when microscopic calcium-perchlorate brines may briefly form in Martian soil.
Sponge divers off the Greek island of Antikythera pulled a corroded bronze lump from a Roman-era shipwreck in 1901. It turned out to be a hand-cranked mechanical computer with at least 30 precisely cut gears, built around 100 BCE to predict eclipses and planetary positions — and nothing comparable would appear on Earth for another 1,400 years.
Webb found magnesium-rich phyllosilicates on Larissa, Galatea and Neptune’s rings, pointing to altered rock excavated from much larger ancient icy bodies.
MoM-BH*-1 may be a young massive black hole inside a dense, nearly dust-free gas cocoon that turns accretion power into a star-like spectrum.
A June 2026 traffic index counted nearly eight times as many working satellites as existed at the start of 2019, with Starlink making up 65.97 percent.
Raman spectra and crystal modelling show how nonpolar hydrocarbons can enter highly polar HCN solids under Titan-like cold, with ethane the stronger surface candidate.
Webb saw a plausible giant planet near Alpha Centauri A once and missed it twice; orbital modeling shows how a real world could have moved behind MIRI's blind spots.
Webb has confirmed a richer and more luminous cosmic dawn than many pre-launch models forecast, pressing hardest on uncertain galaxy physics rather than yet overturning ΛCDM.
Zhurong's imagery and spectra support a primary selenite layer in late Amazonian terrain, but microscopic brine inclusions remain a prediction for future in-situ analysis or sample return.
A June reanalysis cuts GJ 3378 b's radial-velocity minimum mass from 5.26 to 2.3 Earth masses, strengthening the case for a rocky world while leaving its atmosphere and habitability unknown.
Two opposing forces battle for control of Titan's frozen surface, with neither winning by much.
Webb detected crystalline water ice where radiation should erase its lattice within about 15 days, exposing a rapid contest between damage and repair.
New Horizons revealed blue atmospheric haze, floating water-ice hills, nitrogen glaciers and Pluto's unusual orbital dance with Charon.
