
A damaged mitochondrion is worse than useless — it leaks and drags down the entire cell around it, like an engine slowly clogging on its own exhaust, until a recycling crew dismantles it
A damaged mitochondrion leaks reactive oxygen species that corrode the cell around it — so a quality-control system built on PINK1, Parkin, and autophagosomes tags and dismantles failing organelles before they poison their neighbours. When that recycling crew fails, Parkinson's, insulin resistance, and accelerated aging follow.














