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AEROSPACE
Piccard dynasty roam unknowns in sky, sea, sun
by Staff Writers
Payerne, Switzerland (AFP) July 8, 2010


Bad seat and yoga help solar pilot through 26 hour challenge
Payerne, Switzerland (AFP) July 8, 2010 - Andre Borschberg, the pilot of an experimental aircraft which made history with the first round the clock solar-powered flight counted on a high-tech jacket, yoga and an uncomfortable seat to stop him nodding off. "Andre is not allowed to sleep at all," Solar Impulse president Bertrand Piccard quipped as his 57 year-old pilot and chief executive tried to stay awake for 26 hours. Had Borschberg, a former jet fighter pilot, nodded off or even slightly loosened his grip on the Solar Impulse flight over Switzerland, his jacket's sleeves would have vibrated if the aircraft tilted beyond five degrees. An army of ground control staff also worked in shifts to help Borschberg keep the plane straight and level at less than 100 kilometres per hour. With no automatic pilot, Borschberg needed to remain permanently alert.

The plane's wingspan the size of a jumbo jet combined with its light weight also made it extremely sensitive to a slight touch of the controls or wind turn, further requiring the pilot to remain in control. To help him, the ground control mission -- including a former astronaut and an ex NASA chief test pilot -- was in constant contact and monitoring parameters such as altitude, angle of attack -- up or down --, yaw and speed. "You have to realise it's a very special airplane to fly, for its size -- wings the size of an Airbus -- for its weight you have to fly it extremely closely (on the controls)," said Borschberg by radio while he was flying above Switzerland. Beyond the flight path, ground control was also monitoring the pilot's physical conditions in the narrow cockpit, which was not pressurised at high altitude. He relied on an oxygen mask and was exposed to wild temperature swings reaching some minus 28 Celsius at 8,000 metres in broad daylight. Confined to his seat, Borschberg snacked on high energy bars, home made sandwiches, French rice pudding (riz au lait) and coffee.

With no one to take over from him and no comfort of a toilet, Borschberg also has to relieve himself in plastic bags. But with a few hours behind him, he said: "I feel great. "When you learn flying you can do nights comfortably. I'm sure we'll get some winds but for the time being it's gorgeous," he told AFP as he enjoyed the daytime view of glimmering Swiss lakes and mountains. The pilot later revealed that yoga exrcises kept his blood circulating, along with breathing exercises. After the plane successfully landed Thursday following an overnight flight, Piccard revealed another detail that kept Borschberg from dozing off. "We didn't install a first class (airline) seat, we installed a low cost seat," he said. The overnight flight was the first major hurdle for the project since it was set up seven years ago with the aim of ocean crossings, transcontinental and round the world flights by 2013 or 2014.

His grandfather soared to the highest altitude reached by men in a balloon while his father travelled to the deepest point underwater.

Bertrand Piccard himself circled the globe in the first non-stop hot-air balloon flights in 1999.

But the Swiss adventurer has now added another record to his illustrious family name with his solar-powered plane project Solar Impulse, which on Thursday completed a pioneering non-stop flight through day and night.

In an interview with AFP, Piccard explained where he acquired his taste for adventure.

"It comes from the taste for exploring the unknowns, exploring new domains, going further than we imagine is possible," he said.

"It's what I have seen throughout my childhood with my grandfather and my father, and it's true that's what interests me in life."

His father, Jacques Piccard, holds the record for travelling to the deepest point underwater.

Jacques -- who died in 2008 at the age of 85 -- and US Navy officer Don Walsh reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench, 10,916 metres (35,813 feet) below sea level on January 23, 1960 -- the farthest point underwater in a bathyscaphe submarine.

He also built four submarines, including the first tourist submarine that carried passengers deep into Lake Geneva in 1964 and carried on deep sea exploration up to the age of 82.

Dubbed Captain Nemo, Jacques Piccard witnessed living organisms at a depth of over 11,000 metres below sea level, a discovery that led to a ban in nuclear waste dumping into the ocean.

Bertrand's grandfather, Auguste Piccard, twice beat the record for reaching the highest altitude in a balloon, in 1931-32, and invented the bathyscaphe.

Tintin's creator Herge modelled the character Professor Cuthbert Calculus in the comic series after Auguste.

The physicist was also deeply interested in harnessing solar energy.

"My grandfather had written in 1943 in a major scientific article on photovoltaic energy," noted Piccard.

"I had always heard my father and grandfather talking about their environmental concerns. For them, it was very important to protect the environment and to use technology to do so," the 51-year-old recalled.

"Today, this technology exists, that's finally the big difference. In the past we hoped to find these solutions while today these solutions exist."

Piccard started conceiving the idea of a solar plane after completing his pioneering non-stop round the world flight in a hot-air balloon with Briton Brian Jones in 1999.

He explained that the duo had embarked on their flight with 3.7 tonnes of liquid propane, but landed with just 40 kilogrammes.

"I told myself, it's not sustainable. I would have liked to remain in flight as long as I wished and to fly without fuel. The idea came at this moment."

Over the past seven years, the adventurer assembled a 70-strong team to develop Solar Impulse, a lightweight aircraft with a wingspan comparable to a jumbo jet that bears 12,000 solar cells to harness the sun's power.

For Piccard, "the goal is to take to the air with no fuel. The goal is to show that we can be much more independent from fossil energy than people usually think."

"Eleven years ago, technologies to lower the impact on the environment, the technologies for saving fossil fuels were not so efficient. That was the beginning.

"Now we have the capacity of the clean technology that is available, but it is not used often because there is a lack of political will to push it."

He noted that if governments were to impose fuel consumption limits on vehicles, it could drive manufacturers to produce greener cars.

"Other examples are the insulation of buildings -- if you insulate all homes, you give work to many people. You boost the economy and at the same time, you save a lot of energy in your home.

"And that's profitable -- you can make more money than at the stock market if you insulate your home," he claimed.

With Solar Impulse's overnight flight out of the way, Piccard is setting his sights on the prospect of transatlantic and round the world flights in 2013-2014.

He stressed that "solar is a way of talking about" environmental challenges and the potential of clean energy.

"It's a way of motivating people," he said.

.


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AEROSPACE
Swiss solar plane makes history with round-the-clock flight
Payerne, Switzerland (AFP) July 8, 2010
A solar powered aircraft made history Thursday after flying around the clock on the sun's energy alone, bringing the dream of perpetual flight a step closer. After 26 hours in the air, the experimental Solar Impulse aircraft, flown by Andre Borschberg, made a seamless landing at Payerne airbase in western Switzerland at 9.01 am (0701 GMT), about three hours after daybreak. "It's the firs ... read more


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