Bright Comet Meets Bright Galaxy

SKYNIGHTLY

The path of Comet Ikeya-Zhang during early April. Now receding from the Sun, the comet is gradually sliding northward in the sky. On the evening of April 4th it passes within 1.5 degrees of the great Andromeda Galaxy. By mid-April it will be near enough to Polaris, the North Star, that observers at mid-northern latitudes will be able to view it virtually all night. The chart is plotted for an observer at 40° north latitude. Sky & Telescope diagram.

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Los Angeles - Apr 02, 2002
Amateur astronomers throughout the Northern Hemisphere have marked Thursday, April 4th, on their calendars. That evening, weather permitting, they'll be looking low in the northwest after sunset to spot a bright comet very near the famous Andromeda Galaxy. The comet, which was discovered on February 1st, is named Ikeya-Zhang [pronounced "ee-KAY-uh JONG"] for the two keen-eyed skygazers who first spotted it.

Remarkably, both the comet and the galaxy are visible to the unaided eye -- at least for anyone with clear, dark skies far from the pall of city lights. The view through binoculars or a small telescope should be especially rewarding, as these two celestial spectacles crowd into the same field of view.

According to Sky & Telescope magazine, on that evening the comet passes within 1.5 degrees of the galaxy's center. Comet Ikeya-Zhang will then be 82 million kilometers (51 million miles) from Earth, while the Andromeda Galaxy lies 300 billion times farther away (2.5 million light-years).

Even though it passed closest to the Sun on March 18th, Comet Ikeya-Zhang has remained steady in brightness for the past two weeks, delighting skywatchers with its starlike nucleus and delicate, wispy tail.

Comet Ikeya-Zhang Light Curve plotted from average of mag observation reports. Comet brightness appears to have peaked March 22, 2002 Full size chart

"Based on its track record thus far," notes Sky & Telescope senior editor Roger W. Sinnott, "Comet Ikeya-Zhang stands to be the best comet for northern skygazers since 1997," when Comet Hale-Bopp put on a command performance.

(However, Ikeya-Zhang will not get as bright as Hale-Bopp did.)

Comet Ikeya-Zhang will be nearest to Earth, 60 million km (38 million miles) away, on April 29th. It remains visible to observers in the Northern Hemisphere throughout this period, though it won't become well separated from the Sun until mid-April, when it is best seen before dawn. In late April it glides to within 29 degrees of Polaris, the North Star, and remains above the horizon all night for most of the United States and all of Canada and Europe.

Credit for the discovery goes to Kaoru Ikeya (Mori, Shizuoka prefecture, Japan) and Daqing Zhang (Kaifeng, Henan province, China), who spotted the comet on February 1st using their backyard telescopes. Within days of the discovery, astronomers noticed similarities between the orbital path of Ikeya-Zhang (known formally as C/2002 C1) and that of other comets observed in 1532 and 1661.

Calculations now strongly suggest this is the object seen in 1661, which is making its first return visit to the inner solar system in 341 years. No other comet with such a long period has been witnessed on successive orbits around the Sun. (Halley's Comet, by comparison, comes our way every 76 years or so.)

SKYNIGHTLY

Last Chance To See Ikeya-Zhang

Los Angeles - Mar 31, 2002
Night owls and early birds can catch a glimpse of Comet Ikeya-Zhang as it passes by Earth in the next few weeks on its four-century journey around the Sun.